2016年12月大学英语四级考试真题(第1套) PartⅠ Writing (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. Suppose you have twooptions upon graduation: one is to find a job somewhere and the other to start abusiness of your own. You are to make a decision. Write an essay to explain the reasonsfor your decision. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

Part Ⅱ

Listening Comprehension ( 25 minutes) Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each newsreport, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and thequestions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you mustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single linethrough the centre.

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. 1. A. It was dangerous to live in. B. It was going to be renovated. C. He could no longer pay the rent. D. He had sold it to the royal family. 2. A. A strike. B. A storm. C. A forest fire.

D. A terrorist attack.

Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard. 3. A. They lost contact with the emergency department. B. They were trapped in an underground elevator. C. They were injured by suddenly falling rocks. D. They sent calls for help via a portable radio. 4. A. They tried hard to repair the elevator. B. They released the details of the accident. C. They sent supplies to keep the miners warm. D. They provided the miners with food and water.

Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard. 5. A. Raise postage rates. B. Improve its services. C. Redesign delivery routes. D. Close some of its post offices. 6. A. Shortening business hours. B. Closing offices on holidays.

C. Stopping mail delivery on Saturdays. D. Computerizing mall sorting processes.

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A) What motivates employees to do their jobs well? Competition with coworkers, for some. Thepromise of rewards, for others. Pure enjoyment of problem-solving, for a lucky few.

B) Increasingly, companies are tapping into these desires directly through what has come to be knownas : essentially, turning work into a game. is about understandingwhat it is that makes games engaging and what game designers do to create a great experience ingames, and taking those learnings and applying them to other contexts such as the workplace andeducation,the Wharton School ofBusiness at the University of Pennsylvania in the United States.

C) It might mean monitoring employee productivity on a digital leaderboard and offering prizes to thewinner, or giving employees digital badges or stars for completing certain activities. It could alsomean training employees how to do their jobs through video game platforms. Companies fromGoogle to L'Oréalto IBM to Wells Fargo are known to use some degree of gamification in theirworkplaces. And more and more companies are joining them. A recent report suggests that theglobal gamification market will grow from $1.65 billion in 2015 to $11.1 billion by 2020.

D) The concept of gamification is not entirely new, Werbach says. Companies, marketers and teachershave long looked for fun ways to engage people's reward-seeking or competitive spirits. Cracker Jackshas been 100 years, headds, and the turn-of-the-century steel magnate (巨头) Charles Schwab is said to have often comeinto his factory and written the number of tons of steel produced on the past shift on the factoryfloor, thus motivating the next shift of workers to beat the previous one.

E) But the word and the widespread, conscious application of the concept only beganin earnest about five years ago, Werbach says. Thanks in part to video games, the generation nowentering the workforce is especially open to the idea of having their work gamified. people grew up playingvideo games, and an increasingly high percentage of adults play these video games too,

F) A number of companies have sprung up--GamEffective, Bunchbail and Badgeville, to name a few--in recent years offering gamification platforms for businesses. The platforms that are most effectiveturn employees' ordinary job tasks into part of a rich adventure narrative. a gamegame-like is that the player actually cares about the outcome,Werbach says. principle isabout understanding what is motivating to this group of players, which requires some understandingof psychology.

G) Some people, Werbach says, are motivated by competition.Sales people often fall into thiscategory. For them, the right kind of gamification might be turning their saies pitches into acompetition with other team members, complete with a digital leaderboard showing who is