人教新课标高二寒假(必修5、选修6)重点知识复习回顾 并经典寒假作业(附答案)
重点语法专攻(一)
Ⅰ. 动词时态
英语中的时态根据时间可以划分为现在时、将来时、过去时和过去将来时;根据动作方式可以分为一般时、进行时、完成时和完成进行时。两种方式结合起来在高中阶段常见的时态有下列11种(以动词do为例):
1. 一般现在时(do / does)
表示习惯性的、永久性的或反复出现的动作或状态及客观真理。通常与always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,rarely,every day等时间状语连用。如:
He always gets up at 8:00 am and goes to bed at 10:00 pm.
The house belongs to one of my friends, but now she doesn’t live here any more.
注意:在由when,if,as等引导的时间、条件、比较状语从句中,常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。如:I will tell you as soon as Miss Du comes back.
2. 现在进行时(am / is / are + doing)
表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,或指当前一段时间内的活动情况或现阶段正在进行的动作,
也指最近计划或安排要进行的活动。通常与now,at the moment等时间状语连用。如:
Could you turn the radio down? The baby is sleeping now.
He is flying to Shanghai tomorrow to watch the World Expo.
1 感官动词(fell,taste,hear等) 注意:○、状态动词(be,appear,belong等)、情感动词(like,
2 现在进行时care,hate等)及心理活动的词(admit,agree,know等)都不能用于进行时态。○
和always连用常表达不满、厌恶、烦躁、赞赏、满意等感情色彩。如:He is always talking in my class.
3. 现在完成时(has / have + done)
表示发生在过去的动作对现在造成的结果或影响,或过去的动作一直延续到现在的状态。常
用already,yet,ever,never,since,just,recently,so far,up to now等时间状语连用。如: I have been here for 6 years since I graduated in 2005.
My car has broken down for three times within a month.
注意:在句型“It / This is / will be the first / second / third time that …”和“It / This is / will be the + 形
容词最高级 + 名词 + that …”中,从句中常用现在完成时。
4. 现在完成进行时(has / have been + doing)
表示从过去某一时刻开始一直延续到现在的动作,动作可能刚刚结束,也可能延续下去,强
调动作进行的过程或到现在为止的一段时间内反复进行的动作。如:
…… 此处隐藏0字 ……
I have been doing my homework the whole morning. So I feel a little tired.
5. 一般过去时(did)
表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,与现在无关。常用yesterday,last month,two days
ago等时间状语连用。如:I went to study abroad in the USA two years ago and I came back last week. 注意:It is (high) time that …和would rather后的从句中用一般过去时。
6. 过去进行时(was / were + doing)
表示过去某一时刻或某阶段正在进行的动作,或按计划安排将要发生的动作。常与at this time
last week等连用,或与时间状语从句连用,描述一件事发生的背景:一个长动作延续的时候,另一个短动作正在发生。如:Mary was listening to some classical music ten minutes ago.
I was watching TV at this time last night when my father came home.