基于三相异步电机直接转矩控制系统与矢量控制系统性能

比较

摘要 矢量控制系统（VC）和直接转矩控制系统（DTC）都是已经普遍应用的高性能交流

调速系统，它们的理论基础都缘于电动机的多变量非线性数学模型。两种控制系统不同之处仅在于：VC系统选用了???r?is方程，而DTC系统则选用

???s?is方程。两种系统的总体控制结构也是一致的，因此，作为高性能的调

速系统，VC和DTC在本质上是相同的，都能实现较高的静、动态性能。两种系统的具体控制方法不一样，因而具有不同的特色和优缺点，除了普遍适用于高性能调速以外，又各有所侧重的应用领域。随着技术的发展，两种方案的产品都在朝着克服其缺点的方向前进，而科研方向应该是取长补短、走互相融合的道路。

文章对按转子磁链定向的矢量调速系统进行了计算机仿真研究,运用Matlab的Simulink和Power System工具箱及面向系统电气原理结构图的仿真方法,实现了带转矩内环的转速、磁链闭环矢量控制系统的建模与仿真;重点介绍了调速系统的建模和调节器参数的设置,给出了矢量交流调速系统的仿真模型和仿真结果,仿真结果非常接近实际情况,说明了仿真模型的正确性。

关键词:交流异步电动机;仿真建模; Matlab软件;矢量控制

关键词：交流调速系统 矢量控制 直接转矩控制 Matlab软件

Abstract Both vector control system (VC) and direct torque control system (DTC)

are widely used ac adjustable speed systems with high performances. Their theoretical basis derives from the multivariable nonlinear mathematical model of electric motors. The difference between VC and DTC lies only in that VC system selects ???r?is equations, but DTC selects ???s?is. Besides, the general control structure of the two systems are identical, and hence as a high-performance ASD system VC and DTC are essentially the same. But the concrete control methods of them are different, so they possess different characteristics, different merits and defects. Besides the popularly used high-performance variable speed systems, they are laid with particular emphasis on different application area. Along with the technical progress, the products of these 2 systems are advancing in the direction of overcoming their defects. The way of scientific research should be to learn from each other’s strong points and to make up the deficiencies.

The simulation of the direct torque control system and the vector control system for

rotor flux orientation is studied in this paper.

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PWM触发脉冲模型及子系统如图所示。

Pwm脉冲模型及封装后子系统

(2)定子磁链模型。建立定子磁链模型时，先写出坐标系上定子磁链的数学模型

??sd??Ls????0sq??????rd??Lm??????rq???00Ls0LmLm0Lr00??isd??i??Lm??sq?0??ird????iLr???rq??

式中，Lm为dq坐标系定子与转子同轴等效绕组互感，Lm= Lms;Ls为dq坐标系定子等效两相绕组的自感，Ls=Lm+L1s