English Literature Part 2

The Renaissance Period

Reference: 1) 16th century, Thomas More, “sheep devoured men”羊吃人的时代

2) At the beginning of the 16th century, absolute monarchy was formed in England. King Henry VIII broke off with the Pope, dissolved all the monasteries修道院 and abbeys大修道院 in the country, confiscated没收their lands and proclaimed himself head of the Church of England.

3) The absolute monarchy in England reached its summit during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I.

4) Beginning of the 16th century, Thomas More, a outstanding humanist杰出的人文主义者, wrote Utopia in which he gave a profound and truthful picture of the people’s suffering and put forward his ideal of a future happy society.

5) In the 1st half of the 16th century, there appeared lyrical poems抒情诗by Thomas Wyatt怀亚特. Wyatt was the first to introduce the sonnet into English literature. In the 2nd half of the 16th century lyrical poetry became widespread in England. Famous lyrical and epic poets of the time were Philip Sidney菲利普?锡德尼, Thomas Campion托马斯?坎皮恩and Edmund Spenser埃德蒙?斯宾塞(仙后)

6) Various types of novels were developed in the 16th century. John Lyly约翰?黎里 and Thomas Lodge托马斯?洛奇 were authors of novels dealing with the court life and gallantry.(宫廷生活和侠士风流)

John Lyly→Euphues: The Antatomy of Wit艳词(首创euphuism绮丽体这一修辞手段)

Thomas Deloney托马斯?德洛尼&Thomas Nashe托马斯?纳什→developed the realistic tendencies发展了小说中的现实主义风格(devoted to the everyday life of craftsmen, merchants and other representatives of the lower classes)

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FrancisBacon弗兰西斯?培根1561~1626 P103

（哲学家、散文家；在论述探究知识的著作中提出了“知识就是力量”这一著名论断；近代唯物主义哲学的奠基人和近代实验科学的先驱。Philosopher, scientist, lay the foundation for modern science. The first English essayist.）

Writing style:brevity,compactness&powerfulness, well-arranging and enriching by Biblical allusions（暗示，提及；圣经典故）,metaphors and philosophy to man?s reason.

Works:随笔(famous quotas: P107, P105.The theme of Of Studies: uses and benefits of study and different ways adopted by different people to pursue studies. )

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