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Sentence Translation Ⅰ
Subject Selecting
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Teaching plan for Sentence Translation1. selecting a subject 2. selecting a predict and the agreement between subject and predict 3. Adjusting word order 4. Translation of negative sentences 5. Realizing functional equivalence
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Outline for this classSubject-prominent vs Topicprominent 以原句主语作为译文主语 重新确定主语 增补主语
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Hypotaxis vs ParataxisHypotaxis 形合: The dependent or 形合: subordinate construction or relationship of clauses arranged with connectives; Parataxis 意合: The arranging of clauses one after the other without connectives showing the relation between them;
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1. 2. 3. 4.
Subject Subject Subject Subject
+ + + +
Verb Link. V + Predicate Verb + Object Verb+ Indirect object+Direct
object
5. Subject + Verb +Object+ Complement
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Subject-prominent vs TopicprominentIn an English sentence, prominence is usually given to the subject. There are subject. five basic sentence patterns in English: SV, SVC, SVO, SVO1O2, SVOC, all with SV as its essentials. We can venture to say that an English sentence is built on the subjectsubjectpredict-pivot, predict-pivot, with the subject and predicate in agreement. agreement. On the other hand, a Chinese sentence often lays emphasis on the thought or notion, so it is based on the thought pivot. pivot.
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以原句主语作为译文主语清风拂过树梢 A soft wind kissed the treetops. 如镜的水面吸引我们下水游泳 The calm water invited us to swim.
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他确乎有点像棵树，坚壮、沉默、而又有生 气。 He was indeed rather like a tree, sturdy, silent yet full of life.
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马达就是发动不起来 The motor couldn’t be started. The motor refused to start. 如果不适当地处理，锅炉及机动车辆排除的 废气就会造成城市空气污染。 Exhaust from boilers and vehicles, unless properly treated, causes air pollution in cities.
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…… 此处隐藏1473字 ……
不懂就是不懂，不要装懂。不要摆官架子。钻进去， 几个月，一年两年，三年五年，总可以学会的。 We must not pretend to know when we do not know. We must not put on bureaucratic airs. If we dig into a subject for several months, for a year or two, for three or five years, we shall eventually master it Put on bureaucratic airs: act like the master of
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空旷的山野上，当起了她甜甜的笑声。 In the wilderness, her sweet sounds of laughter rose and fell like waves.
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农民缺乏训练，许多农场生产力低下，这就 使得大多数农民处于贫穷的困境。 Inadequate training for farmers and the low productivity of many farmers place the majority of country dwellers in a disadvantageous position in their own countries.
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Exercise:下列译文中主语的处理有什么特点？好在哪 里？为什么？ 1. 空旷的山野上，荡起了她甜甜的笑声。 In the wilderness, her sweet sounds of laughter rose and fell like waves.